ABSTRACT
Objective·To study the correlation between KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutations and the clinicopathological features in patients with coloreetal cancer (CRC).Methods·The 461 paraffin-embedded CRC tissues were collected.The mutations in hotspot region of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF genes were investigated using amplification refractory mutation system.The relationship between the mutation rates of each gene and the clinicopathological characteristics in CRC patients were analyzed.TheKRAS and BRAF mutation profile and the impact on promoter methylation of the downstream genes were further investigated in both CRC tissues and cell lines through literatures and the American Type Culture Collection.Results·KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutation rates in CRC tissues were 44.0％,6.1％ and 5.2％,respectively.KRAS mutations in the right colon were remarkably higher than the left colon (P=0.000).NRAS mutations were more likely to occur in male patients than female patients (P=0.002).BRAF mutation was closely correlated with age,tumor differentiation,tumor location and nerve invasion,but was exclusive of 203 KRAS mutated samples.Contusion·KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutations were significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features of CRC,and the mutation incompatibility was observed between KRAS and BRAF genes.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) plays an important role in hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of erythrocyte and serum H(2)S in patients with untreated essential hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We recruited 62 patients (age 22 - 74 years) with untreated prehypertension or hypertension, and 64 normotensive subjects (age 18 - 64 years). We assessed the 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase (MPST) protein expression in erythrocytes and measured the H(2)S production from erythrocytes and serum H(2)S levels, then analyzed the association of erythrocytic or serum H(2)S content and blood pressure or cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., age, body mass index (BMI) and dyslipidemia). A stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate the possible relationship of erythrocytic H(2)S in hypertension.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In hypertensive patients, erythrocyte H(2)S production ((111.04 ± 29.20) nmol/min per 10(8) erythrocytes) was higher than that in controls ((78.85 ± 19.38) nmol/min per 10(8) erythrocytes), and serum H(2)S was also higher. The erythrocytic H(2)S production was associated with increased systolic blood pressure (sBP), diastolic blood pressure (dBP), age, BMI, level of C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Serum H(2)S was not associated with age or CRP. Stepwise regression analysis showed that erythrocytic H(2)S production was correlated with sBP, TG, HDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum H(2)S was correlated with dBP and TG. Results of receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that erythrocytic H(2)S production was a more sensitive predictor of hypertension development than serum H(2)S.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Erythrocytic or serum H(2)S production is sensitive predictor of hypertension.</p>